Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl and the Mbulu., sentence 1
There was once a widow woman who had one son and two daughters.
Who acts: widow woman · What happens: be, have · To what, where: one son
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl and the Mbulu.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (widow woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 was | expl |
| 2 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 2 was | advmod |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 woman | det |
| 5 | widow | widow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 woman | compound |
| 6 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 was | nsubj |
| 7 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 had | nsubj |
| 8 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 woman | acl:relcl |
| 9 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 son | nummod |
| 10 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 had | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 daughters | cc |
| 12 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 daughters | nummod |
| 13 | daughters | daughter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 son | conj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | a widow woman | there | once property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | have | past | a widow woman | one son and two daughters | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/16/1/