Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Mbulukazi., sentence 43
When they arrived, Broad Breast gave to Mbulukazi a very nice new house to live in, but to Mahlunguluza was given an old one quite in ruins.
Who acts: children, Broad · What happens: arrive, give, live in · To what, where: nice new house, Mbulukazi, old one, Mahlunguluza, ruins
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Mbulukazi.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children, Broad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 arrived | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 arrived | nsubj |
| 3 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 gave | advcl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 arrived | punct |
| 5 | Broad | Broad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 gave | nsubj |
| 6 | Breast | Breast | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Broad | flat |
| 7 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 Mbulukazi | case |
| 9 | Mbulukazi | Mbulukazi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 gave | obl |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 house | det |
| 11 | very | very | ADV | _ | 12 nice | advmod |
| 12 | nice | nice | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 house | amod |
| 13 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 house | amod |
| 14 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gave | obj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 live | mark |
| 16 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 house | acl |
| 17 | in | in | ADV | _ | 16 live | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 given | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 23 given | cc |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 Mahlunguluza | case |
| 21 | Mahlunguluza | Mahlunguluza | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 given | obl |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 given | aux:pass |
| 23 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 gave | conj |
| 24 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 one | det |
| 25 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 one | amod |
| 26 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 given | obj |
| 27 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 29 ruins | advmod |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 ruins | case |
| 29 | ruins | ruin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 given | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | arrive | past | children = child | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | give | past | Broad | a nice new house | Mbulukazi | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent house=Theme to mbulukazi=Recipient | |||
| 3 | live in | to-infinitive | Broad not said here | a nice new house not said here | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | give | past · passive | Broad not said here | a old one | Mahlunguluza | ruins | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: one=Theme to mahlunguluza=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/17/43/