Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Mbulukazi., sentence 5
Once when she was working in her garden, and crying as usual, two doves came and perched near her.
Who acts: reason, two doves · What happens: work, cry, come, perch
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Mbulukazi.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (reason, two doves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 5 working | advmod |
| 2 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 5 working | mark |
| 3 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 working | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 working | aux |
| 5 | working | work | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 garden | case |
| 7 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 garden | nmod:poss |
| 8 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 working | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 crying | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 crying | cc |
| 11 | crying | cry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 working | advcl |
| 12 | as | as | ADP | _ | 13 usual | case |
| 13 | usual | usual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 crying | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 came | punct |
| 15 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 doves | nummod |
| 16 | doves | dove | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 came | nsubj |
| 17 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 working | parataxis |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 perched | cc |
| 19 | perched | perch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 came | conj |
| 20 | near | near | ADP | _ | 21 her | case |
| 21 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 perched | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 working | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | work | past · progressive | reason | in reason's garden; once property | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in garden=Theme | ||||
| 2 | cry speech: express | gerund | reason not said here | as usual | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | come | past | two doves | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | perch | past | two doves not said here | near reason | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent near she=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/17/5/