Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 115
Barnyard fowls were also found in their possession, but adults made no use of either their flesh or their eggs.
Who acts: Barnyard, adults, cattle · What happens: fowl, find, make, possess, use · To what, where: possession, use, flesh
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Barnyard, adults, cattle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Barnyard | barnyard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 fowls | nsubj |
| 2 | fowls | fowl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 found | aux:pass |
| 4 | also | also | ADV | _ | 5 found | advmod |
| 5 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 fowls | ccomp |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 possession | case |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 possession | nmod:poss |
| 8 | possession | possession | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 found | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 made | punct |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 12 made | cc |
| 11 | adults | adult | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 made | nsubj |
| 12 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 fowls | conj |
| 13 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 14 use | det |
| 14 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 made | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 flesh | case |
| 16 | either | either | CCONJ | _ | 18 flesh | cc:preconj |
| 17 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 flesh | nmod:poss |
| 18 | flesh | flesh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 use | nmod |
| 19 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 21 eggs | cc |
| 20 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 eggs | nmod:poss |
| 21 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 flesh | conj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 fowls | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fowl | present | Barnyard | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | find | past · passive | Barnyard not said here | cattle's possession | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF» | ||||
| 3 | make | past | adults | no use of cattle's flesh or cattle's eggs | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent use=Product | ||||
| 4 | possess | cattle | nom possession «act transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 5 | use | cattle's flesh or cattle's eggs | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/115/