Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 142
The Kaffirs cannot define their belief concerning Qamata very minutely, and they do not trouble themselves with thinking much about the matter.
Who acts: Kaffirs, corpses · What happens: not define, concern, not trouble, think, believe · To what, where: belief, corpses
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kaffirs, corpses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Kaffirs | det |
| 2 | Kaffirs | kaffir | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 define | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 define | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 define | advmod |
| 5 | define | define | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 belief | nmod:poss |
| 7 | belief | belief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 define | obj |
| 8 | concerning | concern | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 Qamata | case |
| 9 | Qamata | Qamata | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 belief | nmod |
| 10 | very | very | ADV | _ | 11 minutely | advmod |
| 11 | minutely | minutely | ADV | _ | 5 define | advmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 trouble | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 trouble | cc |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 trouble | nsubj |
| 15 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 trouble | aux |
| 16 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 trouble | advmod |
| 17 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 define | parataxis |
| 18 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 17 trouble | obj |
| 19 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 20 thinking | mark |
| 20 | thinking | think | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 trouble | advcl |
| 21 | much | much | ADV | _ | 20 thinking | advmod |
| 22 | about | about | ADP | _ | 24 matter | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 matter | det |
| 24 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 thinking | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 define | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not define | can | the Kaffirs | corpses's belief | concern Qamata; minutely property | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent belief=Theme | |||
| 2 | concern | gerund | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 3 | not trouble | present · do-support | corpses = corpse | corpses = corpse | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | think speech: other | gerund | corpses = corpse not said here | about the matter | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about matter=Topic | ||||
| 5 | believe | corpses = corpse | concern Qamata | nom belief «cognition transitive»: poss=agent concern=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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