Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 192
Sometimes a person intimates that he has received revelations from the spirit world.
Who acts: person · What happens: intimate, receive · To what, where: revelations, spirit world
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 4 intimates | advmod |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 person | det |
| 3 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 intimates | nsubj |
| 4 | intimates | intimate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 received | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 received | nsubj |
| 7 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 received | aux |
| 8 | received | receive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 intimates | advcl |
| 9 | revelations | revelation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 received | obj |
| 10 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 world | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 world | det |
| 12 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 world | compound |
| 13 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 received | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 intimates | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | intimate speech: other | present | a person | sometimes property | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | receive | present · perfect | person | revelations | the spirit world | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent revelation=Theme from world=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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