Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 210
The molten iron, escaping from the crude yet effective furnace, ran into clay moulds prepared to receive it, which were as nearly as possible of the same magnitude as the implements they wished to make.
Who acts: molten iron, clay moulds, Iron · What happens: escape, run, prepare, receive, be, wish · To what, where: crude, clay moulds, furnace, implements
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (molten iron, clay moulds, Iron), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 iron | det |
| 2 | molten | molten | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 iron | amod |
| 3 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 ran | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 escaping | punct |
| 5 | escaping | escape | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 iron | acl |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 crude | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 crude | det |
| 8 | crude | crude | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 escaping | obl |
| 9 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 10 effective | advmod |
| 10 | effective | effective | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 furnace | amod |
| 11 | furnace | furnace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 crude | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 ran | punct |
| 13 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | into | into | ADP | _ | 16 moulds | case |
| 15 | clay | clay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 moulds | compound |
| 16 | moulds | mould | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 ran | obl |
| 17 | prepared | prepare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 moulds | acl |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 receive | mark |
| 19 | receive | receive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 prepared | xcomp |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 receive | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 possible | punct |
| 22 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 possible | nsubj |
| 23 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 possible | cop |
| 24 | as | as | ADV | _ | 25 nearly | advmod |
| 25 | nearly | nearly | ADV | _ | 27 possible | advmod |
| 26 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 27 possible | mark |
| 27 | possible | possible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 moulds | conj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 magnitude | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 magnitude | det |
| 30 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 magnitude | amod |
| 31 | magnitude | magnitude | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 possible | obl |
| 32 | as | as | ADP | _ | 34 implements | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 implements | det |
| 34 | implements | implement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 ran | obl |
| 35 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 wished | nsubj |
| 36 | wished | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 implements | acl:relcl |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 make | mark |
| 38 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 wished | xcomp |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | escape | gerund | the molten iron not said here | the crude and effective furnace | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from crude=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | run | past | the molten iron | into clay moulds result; as the implements | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into mould=Result | ||||
| 3 | prepare | participle | clay moulds not said here | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent clause=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | receive not said to happen | to-infinitive | furnace | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||||
| 5 | is | past | clay moulds | of the same magnitude; nearly, possible property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | wish | past | Iron | the implements not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | make not said to happen | to-infinitive | Iron not said here | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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