Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 217
Hardly less remarkable was their skill in pottery, an art rapidly becoming lost since the introduction of European wares.
Who acts: art · What happens: be, become, lose, introduce · To what, where: remarkable skill, pottery, European wares
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (art), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hardly | hardly | ADV | _ | 2 less | advmod |
| 2 | less | less | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 3 remarkable | advmod |
| 3 | remarkable | remarkable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 skill | amod |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 skill | cop |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 skill | nmod:poss |
| 6 | skill | skill | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 pottery | case |
| 8 | pottery | pottery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 skill | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 art | punct |
| 10 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 art | det |
| 11 | art | art | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 skill | conj |
| 12 | rapidly | rapidly | ADV | _ | 13 becoming | advmod |
| 13 | becoming | become | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 art | acl |
| 14 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 becoming | xcomp |
| 15 | since | since | ADP | _ | 17 introduction | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 introduction | det |
| 17 | introduction | introduction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 lost | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 wares | case |
| 19 | European | European | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 wares | amod |
| 20 | wares | ware | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 introduction | nmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 skill | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Europeans's remarkable skill and a art | pottery | Europeans = european nmod:poss; a art conj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | become | gerund | a art not said here | rapidly property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | lose | participle | a art not said here | since the introduction of European wares | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | introduce | European wares | nom introduction «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/217/