Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 220
These vessels were used as beer pots, grain jars, and cooking utensils.
What happens: use, cook · To what, where: vessels, utensils
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | These | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 2 vessels | det |
| 2 | vessels | vessel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 used | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 used | aux:pass |
| 4 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | as | as | ADP | _ | 7 pots | case |
| 6 | beer | beer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pots | compound |
| 7 | pots | pot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 used | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 jars | punct |
| 9 | grain | grain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 jars | compound |
| 10 | jars | jar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 pots | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 cooking | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 cooking | cc |
| 13 | cooking | cook | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 used | advcl |
| 14 | utensils | utensil | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 cooking | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 used | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | past · passive | this vessels | as beer pots and grain jars | vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Duration as pot=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | cook | gerund | utensils | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent utensil=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/220/