Kaffir folk-lore, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs., sentence 41
If he is the abler ruler of the two, war between them follows almost to a certainty as soon as the great heir reaches manhood, and is invested with a separate command.
Who acts: portion, war, great heir · What happens: be, follow, reach, invest · To what, where: abler ruler, certainty, manhood
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Introductory Chapter Regarding the Kaffirs.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (portion, war, great heir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 6 ruler | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 ruler | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 ruler | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 ruler | det |
| 5 | abler | able | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 6 ruler | amod |
| 6 | ruler | ruler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 follows | advcl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 two | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 two | det |
| 9 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 ruler | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 ruler | punct |
| 11 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 follows | nsubj |
| 12 | between | between | ADP | _ | 13 them | case |
| 13 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 war | nmod |
| 14 | follows | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 18 certainty | advmod |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 certainty | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 certainty | det |
| 18 | certainty | certainty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 follows | obj |
| 19 | as | as | ADV | _ | 20 soon | advmod |
| 20 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 follows | advmod |
| 21 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 25 reaches | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 heir | det |
| 23 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 heir | amod |
| 24 | heir | heir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 reaches | nsubj |
| 25 | reaches | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 soon | advcl |
| 26 | manhood | manhood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 reaches | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 invested | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 invested | cc |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 invested | aux:pass |
| 30 | invested | invest | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 follows | conj |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 34 command | case |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 command | det |
| 33 | separate | separate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 command | amod |
| 34 | command | command | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 invested | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 follows | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a a condition, not said to happen | present | portion | the abler ruler | of the two | tree rules | |||
| 2 | follow | present | war between opportunities | a certainty | soon property | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent certainty=Theme | |||
| 3 | reach | present | the great heir | manhood | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent manhood=Theme | ||||
| 4 | invest | present · passive | war between opportunities not said here | with a separate command | vn equip-13.4.2 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: with command=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/2/41/