Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 105
This saying is applied to any one who is boasting immoderately, as a warning that if he does not take care he will get into trouble, when he will be glad to take whatever comes to hand.
Who acts: one, saying, whatever · What happens: apply, boast, not take, get, be, take · To what, where: saying, one, care, warning, trouble
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, saying, whatever), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 saying | det |
| 2 | saying | saying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 applied | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 applied | aux:pass |
| 4 | applied | apply | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 one | case |
| 6 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 7 one | det |
| 7 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 applied | obl |
| 8 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 boasting | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 boasting | aux |
| 10 | boasting | boast | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 one | acl:relcl |
| 11 | immoderately | immoderately | ADV | _ | 10 boasting | advmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 warning | punct |
| 13 | as | as | ADP | _ | 15 warning | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 warning | det |
| 15 | warning | warning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 applied | obl |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 25 get | mark |
| 17 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 21 take | mark |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 take | nsubj |
| 19 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 take | aux |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 take | advmod |
| 21 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 get | advcl |
| 22 | care | care | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 take | obj |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 get | nsubj |
| 24 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 get | aux |
| 25 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 warning | acl |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 27 trouble | case |
| 27 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 get | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 glad | punct |
| 29 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 33 glad | mark |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 glad | nsubj |
| 31 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 glad | aux |
| 32 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 33 glad | cop |
| 33 | glad | glad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 trouble | parataxis |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 take | mark |
| 35 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 glad | advcl |
| 36 | whatever | whatever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 comes | nsubj |
| 37 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 take | ccomp |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 hand | mark |
| 39 | hand | hand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 37 comes | xcomp |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 applied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | apply | present · passive | this saying | any one | as a warning | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||
| 2 | boast speech: other | present · progressive | any one | immoderately property | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | not take a condition, not said to happen | present · do-support | saying | care | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent care=Theme | ||||
| 4 | get | future | saying | a warning not said here | trouble | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer warning=Stimulus | |||
| 5 | is | future | saying | glad property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | take | to-infinitive | saying not said here | vn require-103 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition | |||||
| 7 | come | present | whatever | tree rules | |||||
| 8 | hand | to-infinitive | whatever not said here | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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