Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 106
He will prefer roast meat because it is easily cooked, and he will have neither time nor means to boil it.
Who acts: saying · What happens: prefer, cook, have, mean, boil · To what, where: roast meat, meat · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (saying), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 prefer | nsubj |
| 2 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 prefer | aux |
| 3 | prefer | prefer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | roast | roast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 meat | compound |
| 5 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 prefer | obj |
| 6 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 10 cooked | mark |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 cooked | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 cooked | aux:pass |
| 9 | easily | easily | ADV | _ | 10 cooked | advmod |
| 10 | cooked | cook | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 prefer | advcl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 have | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 have | cc |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 have | nsubj |
| 14 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 have | aux |
| 15 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 prefer | conj |
| 16 | neither | neither | DET | PronType=Neg | 17 time | det |
| 17 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 have | obj |
| 18 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 19 means | cc |
| 19 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 prefer | conj |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 boil | mark |
| 21 | boil | boil | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 means | ccomp |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 boil | obj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 prefer | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | prefer | future | saying | roast meat | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer meat=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | cook | present · passive | meat | easily property | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | have | future | saying | time | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | mean | present | saying not said here | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | boil not said to happen | to-infinitive | meat | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/26/106/