Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 212
The next morning they asked him when the young men would be back with the dacha, and he replied that he did not expect them before sunset.
Who acts: bushmen, young men, man · What happens: ask, be, reply, not expect · To what, where: Guluwe, bushmen · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bushmen, young men, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 morning | det |
| 2 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 morning | amod |
| 3 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 asked | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 asked | nsubj |
| 5 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 asked | iobj |
| 7 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 16 dacha | advmod |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 men | det |
| 9 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 men | amod |
| 10 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 dacha | nsubj |
| 11 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 dacha | aux |
| 12 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 16 dacha | cop |
| 13 | back | back | ADV | _ | 16 dacha | advmod |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 dacha | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 dacha | det |
| 16 | dacha | dacha | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 asked | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 replied | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 replied | cc |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 replied | nsubj |
| 20 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 asked | parataxis |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 25 expect | mark |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 expect | nsubj |
| 23 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 expect | aux |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 expect | advmod |
| 25 | expect | expect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 replied | ccomp |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 expect | obj |
| 27 | before | before | ADP | _ | 28 sunset | case |
| 28 | sunset | sunset | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 expect | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | bushmen = bushman | Guluwe | morning | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | |||
| 2 | is | would | the young men | with the dacha | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | reply speech: assert | past | man | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | not expect | past · do-support | man | bushmen = bushman | sunset | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/26/212/