Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 63
He accordingly pretended to go upon a journey, but returned in the middle of the night and fastened his dogs at the door of his hut.
Who acts: man · What happens: pretend, go, return, fasten · To what, where: journey, middle, dogs, door
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 pretended | nsubj |
| 2 | accordingly | accordingly | ADV | _ | 3 pretended | advmod |
| 3 | pretended | pretend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 go | mark |
| 5 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 pretended | xcomp |
| 6 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 8 journey | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 journey | det |
| 8 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 go | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 returned | punct |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 returned | cc |
| 11 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 pretended | conj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 middle | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 middle | det |
| 14 | middle | middle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 returned | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 night | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 night | det |
| 17 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 middle | nmod |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 fastened | cc |
| 19 | fastened | fasten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 pretended | conj |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 dogs | nmod:poss |
| 21 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 fastened | obj |
| 22 | at | at | ADP | _ | 24 door | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 door | det |
| 24 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 fastened | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 hut | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 hut | nmod:poss |
| 27 | hut | hut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 door | nmod |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 pretended | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pretend | past | man | accordingly property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | go | to-infinitive | man not said here | a journey | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon journey=Location | ||||
| 3 | return | past | man not said here | the middle of the night | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | fasten | past | man not said here | man's dogs | the door of man's hut | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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