Kaffir folk-lore, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions., sentence 83
It is the Kaffir equivalent for, Every cock crows on his own dunghill.
Who acts: superior, cock · What happens: be, crow · To what, where: Kaffir equivalent, own dunghill
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Proverbs and Figurative Expressions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (superior, cock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 equivalent | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 equivalent | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 equivalent | det |
| 4 | Kaffir | Kaffir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 equivalent | compound |
| 5 | equivalent | equivalent | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 equivalent | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 crows | punct |
| 8 | Every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 9 cock | det |
| 9 | cock | cock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 crows | nsubj |
| 10 | crows | crow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 equivalent | parataxis |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 dunghill | case |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 dunghill | nmod:poss |
| 13 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 dunghill | amod |
| 14 | dunghill | dunghill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 crows | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 equivalent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | superior | the Kaffir equivalent | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | crow | present | every cock | cock's own dunghill | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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