Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Bird That Made Milk., sentence 4
Amasi is very nutritious; it forms one of the principal articles of food of the Kaffirs, and is relished by most Europeans in Kaffirland.
Who acts: Amasi, portion, most Europeans · What happens: be, form, relish, article · To what, where: one, Kaffirland, food
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Bird That Made Milk.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Amasi, portion, most Europeans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Amasi | Amasi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 nutritious | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 nutritious | cop |
| 3 | very | very | ADV | _ | 4 nutritious | advmod |
| 4 | nutritious | nutritious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 7 forms | punct |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 forms | nsubj |
| 7 | forms | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 nutritious | parataxis |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 forms | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 articles | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 articles | det |
| 11 | principal | principal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 articles | amod |
| 12 | articles | article | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 one | nmod |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 food | case |
| 14 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 articles | nmod |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Kaffirs | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Kaffirs | det |
| 17 | Kaffirs | Kaffir | PROPN | Number=Plur | 14 food | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 relished | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 relished | cc |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 relished | aux:pass |
| 21 | relished | relish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 forms | conj |
| 22 | by | by | ADP | _ | 24 Europeans | case |
| 23 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 24 Europeans | amod |
| 24 | Europeans | European | PROPN | Number=Plur | 21 relished | obl |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 Kaffirland | case |
| 26 | Kaffirland | Kaffirland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 relished | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 nutritious | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Amasi | nutritious property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | form | present | portion | one of the principal articles of food of the Kaffirs | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location one=Theme | ||||
| 3 | relish | present · passive | most Europeans | Kaffirland | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | article | food of the Kaffirs | nom article «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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