Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 19
A man may marry a woman of the same clan that he belongs to, provided she is not a blood relative; but he may not marry a woman whose father’s family title is the same as his own, even though no relationship can be traced between them, and the one may belong to the Xosa and the other to the Pondo tribe.
Who acts: man, peculiarity, woman, one, father · What happens: marry, belong, provide, not be, not marry, be · To what, where: woman, blood relative, relationship
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, peculiarity, woman, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 man | det |
| 2 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 marry | nsubj |
| 3 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 marry | aux |
| 4 | marry | marry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 woman | det |
| 6 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 marry | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 clan | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 clan | det |
| 9 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 clan | amod |
| 10 | clan | clan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 woman | nmod |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 belongs | mark |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 belongs | nsubj |
| 13 | belongs | belong | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 marry | advcl |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 provided | case |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 to | punct |
| 16 | provided | provide | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 belongs | ccomp |
| 17 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 relative | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 relative | cop |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 relative | advmod |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 relative | det |
| 21 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 relative | compound |
| 22 | relative | relative | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 provided | ccomp |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 marry | punct |
| 24 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 28 marry | cc |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 marry | nsubj |
| 26 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 marry | aux |
| 27 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 28 marry | advmod |
| 28 | marry | marry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 marry | conj |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 woman | det |
| 30 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 same | nsubj |
| 31 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 32 father | nmod:poss |
| 32 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 title | nmod:poss |
| 33 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 32 father | case |
| 34 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 title | compound |
| 35 | title | title | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 woman | nmod |
| 36 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 same | cop |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 same | det |
| 38 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 marry | ccomp |
| 39 | as | as | ADP | _ | 41 own | case |
| 40 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 own | nmod:poss |
| 41 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 same | obl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 traced | punct |
| 43 | even | even | ADV | _ | 49 traced | advmod |
| 44 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 49 traced | mark |
| 45 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 46 relationship | det |
| 46 | relationship | relationship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 traced | nsubj:pass |
| 47 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 49 traced | aux |
| 48 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 49 traced | aux:pass |
| 49 | traced | trace | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 marry | advcl |
| 50 | between | between | ADP | _ | 51 them | case |
| 51 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 traced | obl |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 belong | punct |
| 53 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 belong | cc |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 one | det |
| 55 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 belong | nsubj |
| 56 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 57 belong | aux |
| 57 | belong | belong | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 marry | conj |
| 58 | to | to | ADP | _ | 60 Xosa | case |
| 59 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 60 Xosa | det |
| 60 | Xosa | Xosa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 57 belong | obl |
| 61 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 63 other | cc |
| 62 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 63 other | det |
| 63 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 60 Xosa | conj |
| 64 | to | to | ADP | _ | 67 tribe | case |
| 65 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 67 tribe | det |
| 66 | Pondo | Pondo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 67 tribe | compound |
| 67 | tribe | tribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 belong | obl |
| 68 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 marry | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | marry | may | a man | a woman of the same clan | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent woman=Patient | ||||
| 2 | belong | present | peculiarity | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | provide | past | peculiarity not said here | vn ensure-99 «NP V that S»: agent=Precondition | |||||
| 4 | not is a | present | woman | a blood relative | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | not marry | may | peculiarity | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 6 | is | present | a woman father's family title's father's family title | as peculiarity's own; same property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | trace | can · passive | no relationship | between clans = clan | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 8 | belong | may | the one | to the Xosa; to the Pondo tribe | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 9 | title | father's family title's father's family title's father | nom title «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/28/19/