Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 20
As an instance, we will take a man who belongs to, say, the Dushane clan of the Xosa tribe, and whose family title is the Amanywabe.
Who acts: we, man, family title, Amanywabe · What happens: take, belong to, say, be, title · To what, where: man, Dushane clan, Amanywabe · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, man, family title, Amanywabe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 3 instance | case |
| 2 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 instance | det |
| 3 | instance | instance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 take | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 instance | punct |
| 5 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 take | nsubj |
| 6 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 take | aux |
| 7 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 man | det |
| 9 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 take | obj |
| 10 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 belongs | nsubj |
| 11 | belongs | belong | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 man | acl:relcl |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 belongs | compound:prt |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 say | punct |
| 14 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 take | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 clan | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 clan | det |
| 17 | Dushane | Dushane | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 clan | compound |
| 18 | clan | clan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 say | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 tribe | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 tribe | det |
| 21 | Xosa | Xosa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 tribe | compound |
| 22 | tribe | tribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 clan | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Amanywabe | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 Amanywabe | cc |
| 25 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 27 title | nmod:poss |
| 26 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 title | compound |
| 27 | title | title | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 Amanywabe | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 Amanywabe | cop |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Amanywabe | det |
| 30 | Amanywabe | Amanywabe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 take | obj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 take | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | future | we | a man | as a instance | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent man=Theme as instance=Attribute | |||
| 2 | belong to | present | a man | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | infinitive | we not said here | the Dushane clan of the Xosa tribe | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent clan=Topic | ||||
| 4 | is a | present | the Amanywabe's family title | the Amanywabe | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | title | the Amanywabe | nom title «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/28/20/