Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Five Heads., sentence 52
This is the last of the ceremonies, and the guests immediately begin to disperse, each man taking home the milk-sack which he had brought with him.
Who acts: This, guests, man · What happens: be, begin, disperse, take, bring · To what, where: milk sack
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Five Heads.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, guests, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 last | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 last | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 last | det |
| 4 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 ceremonies | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 ceremonies | det |
| 7 | ceremonies | ceremony | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 last | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 begin | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 begin | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 guests | det |
| 11 | guests | guest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 begin | nsubj |
| 12 | immediately | immediately | ADV | _ | 13 begin | advmod |
| 13 | begin | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 last | parataxis |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 disperse | mark |
| 15 | disperse | disperse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 begin | xcomp |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 taking | punct |
| 17 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 18 man | det |
| 18 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 taking | nsubj |
| 19 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 begin | advcl |
| 20 | home | home | ADV | _ | 19 taking | advmod |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 sack | det |
| 22 | milk | milk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 sack | compound |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 milk | punct |
| 24 | sack | sack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 taking | obj |
| 25 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 brought | nsubj |
| 27 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 brought | aux |
| 28 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 sack | acl:relcl |
| 29 | with | with | ADP | _ | 30 him | case |
| 30 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 brought | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 last | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | This | of the ceremonies; last property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | begin | present | the guests | immediately property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | disperse | to-infinitive | the guests not said here | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | take | gerund | each man | the milk sack | home property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sack=Theme | |||
| 5 | bring | past · perfect · passive | the milk sack | with hand | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/28/52/