Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Tangalimlibo., sentence 61
Eight or ten lusty fellows saw him carried off his feet, but not one made the slightest effort to help him.
Who acts: Eight lusty fellows, One · What happens: see, carry off, not make, help · To what, where: feet, slightest effort, One · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Tangalimlibo.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Eight lusty fellows, One), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Eight | eight | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 fellows | nummod |
| 2 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 3 ten | cc |
| 3 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 1 Eight | conj |
| 4 | lusty | lusty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 fellows | amod |
| 5 | fellows | fellow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 saw | nsubj |
| 6 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 carried | nsubj |
| 8 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 saw | ccomp |
| 9 | off | off | ADP | _ | 8 carried | compound:prt |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 feet | nmod:poss |
| 11 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 carried | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 made | punct |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 made | cc |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 made | advmod |
| 15 | one | one | PRON | Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 made | nsubj |
| 16 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 saw | conj |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 effort | det |
| 18 | slightest | slight | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 19 effort | amod |
| 19 | effort | effort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 made | obj |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 help | mark |
| 21 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 effort | acl |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 help | obj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Eight lusty fellows | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | carry off | past | One | One's feet | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not make | past | one | the slightest effort | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset effort=Product | ||||
| 4 | help | to-infinitive | one not said here | the slightest effort not said here | One | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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