Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Bird That Made Milk. I., sentence 35
Then the bird came and perched on the hand of the man, and sang:
Who acts: bird · What happens: come, perch, sing · To what, where: hand
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Bird That Made Milk. I.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 came | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 bird | det |
| 3 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 perched | cc |
| 6 | perched | perch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 came | conj |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 hand | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 hand | det |
| 9 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 perched | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 man | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 man | det |
| 12 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 hand | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 sang | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 sang | cc |
| 15 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | conj |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 15 sang | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the bird | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | perch | participle | the bird not said here | the hand of the man | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on hand=Location | ||||
| 3 | sing speech: express | past | the bird not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/3/35/