Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 1
The game called Iceya is mentioned in this story as being played in the rock that became a hut.
Who acts: rock · What happens: call, mention, play, become · To what, where: game, story, rock, hut · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 game | det |
| 2 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 mentioned | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 game | acl |
| 4 | Iceya | Iceya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 called | xcomp |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 mentioned | aux:pass |
| 6 | mentioned | mention | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 story | case |
| 8 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 9 story | det |
| 9 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 mentioned | obl |
| 10 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 12 played | mark |
| 11 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 played | aux:pass |
| 12 | played | play | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 mentioned | advcl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 rock | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 rock | det |
| 15 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 played | obl |
| 16 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 became | nsubj |
| 17 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 rock | acl:relcl |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 hut | det |
| 19 | hut | hut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 became | xcomp |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 mentioned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | participle | the game not said here | Iceya xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | mention speech: other | present · passive | the game | this story | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | ||||
| 3 | play | gerund · passive | the rock | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V» | |||||
| 4 | become | past | the rock | a hut | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/32/1/