Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 68
This superstition is identical with that which prevents many sailors from whistling at sea.
Who acts: superstition · What happens: be, prevent, whistle · To what, where: many sailors
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (superstition), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 superstition | det |
| 2 | superstition | superstition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 identical | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 identical | cop |
| 4 | identical | identical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 that | case |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 identical | obl |
| 7 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 prevents | nsubj |
| 8 | prevents | prevent | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 identical | parataxis |
| 9 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 sailors | amod |
| 10 | sailors | sailor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 prevents | obj |
| 11 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 12 whistling | mark |
| 12 | whistling | whistle | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 prevents | advcl |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 sea | case |
| 14 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 whistling | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 identical | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | this superstition | with that; identical property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | prevent | present | many sailors | which nsubj | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer sailor=Theme | ||||
| 3 | whistle | gerund | at sea | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at sea=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/32/68/