Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Demane and Demazana., sentence 17
Dade is used in addressing a sister, a half-sister, or a female cousin.
What happens: use, address · To what, where: Dade, sister
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Demane and Demazana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dade | Dade | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 used | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 used | aux:pass |
| 3 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 5 addressing | mark |
| 5 | addressing | address | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 used | advcl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 sister | det |
| 7 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 addressing | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 sister | punct |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 sister | det |
| 10 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 12 sister | compound |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 half | punct |
| 12 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sister | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 cousin | punct |
| 14 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 cousin | cc |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 cousin | det |
| 16 | female | female | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 cousin | amod |
| 17 | cousin | cousin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 used | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 used | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | present · passive | Dade | a female cousin obl | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | address | gerund | a sister and a half sister | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sister=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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