Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of the Bird That Made Milk. II., sentence 24
Then he went and laid himself down by the head of the garden, under the same house which the bird used always to stand upon.
Who acts: thing, same house · What happens: go, lay down, bird, use, stand · To what, where: same house, thing, bird
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of the Bird That Made Milk. II.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thing, same house), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 went | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 laid | cc |
| 5 | laid | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 6 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 5 laid | obj |
| 7 | down | down | ADP | _ | 5 laid | compound:prt |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 head | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 head | det |
| 10 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 laid | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 garden | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 garden | det |
| 13 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 head | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 house | punct |
| 15 | under | under | ADP | _ | 18 house | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 house | det |
| 17 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 house | amod |
| 18 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 went | obl |
| 19 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 bird | nsubj |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 bird | det |
| 21 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 house | nmod |
| 22 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 bird | acl |
| 23 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 25 stand | advmod |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 stand | mark |
| 25 | stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 used | xcomp |
| 26 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 25 stand | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | thing | the same house | then | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme under house=Location | |||
| 2 | lay down | past | thing not said here | thing | by the head of the garden | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Theme by head=Destination | |||
| 3 | bird | the same house | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | use | participle | the bird not said here | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | stand | to-infinitive | always property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/4/24/