Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 14
Her companions were so frightened that they left her and ran away home.
Who acts: companions · What happens: be, leave, run away · To what, where: snake
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (companions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 companions | nmod:poss |
| 2 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 frightened | nsubj |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 frightened | cop |
| 4 | so | so | ADV | _ | 5 frightened | advmod |
| 5 | frightened | frightened | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 left | mark |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 left | nsubj |
| 8 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 frightened | advcl |
| 9 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 left | obj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 ran | cc |
| 11 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 left | conj |
| 12 | away | away | ADV | _ | 11 ran | advmod |
| 13 | home | home | ADV | _ | 11 ran | advmod |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 frightened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | snake's companions | frightened property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | leave | past | companions = companion | snake | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme | ||||
| 3 | run away | past | companions = companion not said here | away, home property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/7/14/