Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 15
They put another girl in the hut, and pretended that she was the chief’s daughter.
Who acts: companions, girl · What happens: put, pretend, be · To what, where: girl, hut, daughter
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (companions, girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 put | nsubj |
| 2 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 4 girl | det |
| 4 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 put | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 hut | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 hut | det |
| 7 | hut | hut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 put | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 pretended | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 pretended | cc |
| 10 | pretended | pretend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 put | conj |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 daughter | mark |
| 12 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 daughter | nsubj |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 daughter | cop |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 chief | det |
| 15 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 16 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 15 chief | case |
| 17 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 pretended | ccomp |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 put | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | put | past | companions = companion | another girl | the hut | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent girl=Theme in hut=Destination | |||
| 2 | pretend | past | companions = companion not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | is a | past | girl | the chief's daughter | the chief nmod:poss | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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