Kaffir folk-lore, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane., sentence 34
The young chief had very many cattle, which he offered to her father.
Who acts: young chief, chief · What happens: have, offer · To what, where: many cattle, father
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Story of the Girl Who Disregarded the Custom of Ntonjane.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young chief, chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 chief | det |
| 2 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 chief | amod |
| 3 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 had | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | very | very | ADV | _ | 6 many | advmod |
| 6 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 cattle | amod |
| 7 | cattle | cattle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 had | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 offered | punct |
| 9 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 offered | obj |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 offered | nsubj |
| 11 | offered | offer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 cattle | acl:relcl |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 father | case |
| 13 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 father | nmod:poss |
| 14 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 offered | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | the young chief | many cattle | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cattle=Patient | ||||
| 2 | offer | past | chief | many cattle | girl's father | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent which=Theme to father=Goal |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/7/34/