Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Simbukumbukwana., sentence 2
At last he went to a wise woman (Igqirakazi) and asked her to help him in this matter.
Who acts: man · What happens: go, ask, help · To what, where: last, Igqirakazi, man, matter
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Simbukumbukwana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 last | case |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 went | obl |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 went | nsubj |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 woman | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 woman | det |
| 7 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 woman | amod |
| 8 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl |
| 9 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 10 Igqirakazi | punct |
| 10 | Igqirakazi | Igqirakazi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 woman | appos |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 10 Igqirakazi | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 asked | cc |
| 13 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | conj |
| 14 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 asked | iobj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 help | mark |
| 16 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 asked | xcomp |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 help | obj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 matter | case |
| 19 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 20 matter | det |
| 20 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 help | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | man | last | to a wise woman | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to woman=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | man not said here | Igqirakazi | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent she=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | help not said to happen | to-infinitive | man not said here | man | this matter | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg71335/8/2/