Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Simbukumbukwana., sentence 9
The man would not own that child, he said it was not his.
Who acts: man, calf · What happens: not own, say, not be · To what, where: child, son · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Simbukumbukwana.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, calf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 man | det |
| 2 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 own | nsubj |
| 3 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 own | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 own | advmod |
| 5 | own | own | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 child | det |
| 7 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 own | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 said | nsubj |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 own | conj |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 his | nsubj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 his | cop |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 his | advmod |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 said | ccomp |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 own | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not own | would | the man | that child | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot child=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | man | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | not is a | past | calf | son | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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