The Green Fairy Book, Prince Narcissus and the Princess Potentilla, sentence 63

Grumedan, thereupon, declared that there was nothing new about that, since the birds had sung since the world began, and all lovers had imagined that they sang for them alone.

Who acts: Grumedan, nothing, world, birds · What happens: declare, be, sing, begin, imagine · To what, where: birds, lovers · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Prince Narcissus and the Princess Potentilla. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Grumedan, nothing, world, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grumedan	Grumedan	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 declared	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Grumedan	punct
3	thereupon	thereupon	ADV	_	5 declared	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 thereupon	punct
5	declared	declare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 was	mark
7	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	8 was	expl
8	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 declared	ccomp
9	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	8 was	nsubj
10	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 nothing	amod
11	about	about	ADP	_	12 that	case
12	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	10 new	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 sung	punct
14	since	since	SCONJ	_	18 sung	mark
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 birds	det
16	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 sung	nsubj:pass
17	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 sung	aux
18	sung	sing	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 declared	conj
19	since	since	SCONJ	_	22 began	mark
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 world	det
21	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 began	nsubj
22	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 sung	advcl
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 imagined	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 imagined	cc
25	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	26 lovers	det
26	lovers	lover	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 imagined	nsubj:pass
27	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 imagined	aux
28	imagined	imagine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 sung	conj
29	that	that	SCONJ	_	31 sang	mark
30	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 sang	nsubj
31	sang	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 imagined	advcl
32	for	for	ADP	_	33 them	case
33	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 sang	obl
34	alone	alone	ADV	_	31 sang	advmod
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 declared	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	declare speech: other	past	Grumedan			thereupon property	vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	be	past	nothing		there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	sing speech: express	past · perfect · passive		the birds			vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
4	begin	past	the world				vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
5	imagine	past · perfect · passive		all lovers			vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
6	sing speech: express	past	birds = bird			for lover; alone property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for they=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7277/11/63/