The Green Fairy Book, The Biter Bit, part 1, sentence 42
‘You are the third person in the last two hours who has told me the same thing,’ said Simon, ‘but I couldn’t believe it,’ and dismounting from the mule he spoke: ‘Keep the animal, I make you a present of it.’
Who acts: You, last two hours, third person, I, Simon · What happens: be, tell, say, not believe, dismount, speak · To what, where: third person, same thing, me, joke, mule, animal · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Biter Bit, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, last two hours, third person, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 6 person | punct |
| 2 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 person | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 person | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 person | det |
| 5 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 6 person | amod |
| 6 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 said | nsubj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 hours | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 hours | det |
| 9 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 hours | amod |
| 10 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 hours | nummod |
| 11 | hours | hour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 person | nmod |
| 12 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 told | nsubj |
| 13 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 told | aux |
| 14 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 11 hours | acl |
| 15 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 told | iobj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 thing | det |
| 17 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 thing | amod |
| 18 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 told | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 person | punct |
| 20 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 6 person | punct |
| 21 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 22 | Simon | Simon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 said | nsubj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 said | punct |
| 24 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 29 believe | punct |
| 25 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 believe | cc |
| 26 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 believe | nsubj |
| 27 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 believe | aux |
| 28 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 29 believe | advmod |
| 29 | believe | believe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 said | ccomp |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 believe | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 believe | punct |
| 32 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 29 believe | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 dismounting | cc |
| 34 | dismounting | dismount | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 said | conj |
| 35 | from | from | ADP | _ | 37 mule | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 mule | det |
| 37 | mule | mule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 dismounting | obl |
| 38 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 spoke | nsubj |
| 39 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 mule | acl:relcl |
| 40 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 42 Keep | punct |
| 41 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 42 Keep | punct |
| 42 | Keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 21 said | parataxis |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 animal | det |
| 44 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 Keep | obj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 make | punct |
| 46 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 47 make | nsubj |
| 47 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 Keep | conj |
| 48 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 47 make | obj |
| 49 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 50 present | det |
| 50 | present | present | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 make | obj |
| 51 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 it | case |
| 52 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 present | nmod |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 42 Keep | punct |
| 54 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 42 Keep | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | You | the third person | hour | tree rules | |||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | present · perfect | the last two hours | the same thing | me | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient thing=Topic | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | the third person | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | not believe | could | I | joke | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | dismount | gerund | the third person not said here | from the mule | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 6 | speak speech: other | past | Simon | the mule not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | keep | infinitive | the animal | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme | |||||
| 8 | make | present | I | a present of joke | you | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset you=Beneficiary present=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7277/26/42/