The Green Fairy Book, The Biter Bit, part 4, sentence 82
Suddenly a misshapen toad crawled out of the swamp, and, sitting down opposite him, asked: ‘What’s the matter with you, my dear Prince?’
Who acts: misshapen toad · What happens: crawl, sit down, ask · To what, where: swamp
This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Biter Bit, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (misshapen toad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 5 crawled | advmod |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 toad | det |
| 3 | misshapen | misshapen | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 toad | amod |
| 4 | toad | toad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 crawled | nsubj |
| 5 | crawled | crawl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 9 swamp | case |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 swamp | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 swamp | det |
| 9 | swamp | swamp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 crawled | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 sitting | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 sitting | cc |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 sitting | punct |
| 13 | sitting | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 crawled | advcl |
| 14 | down | down | ADV | _ | 13 sitting | advmod |
| 15 | opposite | opposite | ADP | _ | 16 him | case |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 sitting | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 asked | punct |
| 18 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 crawled | parataxis |
| 19 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 22 ’s | punct |
| 20 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 22 ’s | punct |
| 21 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 22 ’s | nsubj |
| 22 | ’s | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 asked | ccomp |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 matter | det |
| 24 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 ’s | obj |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 you | case |
| 26 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 24 matter | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Prince | punct |
| 28 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 Prince | nmod:poss |
| 29 | dear | dear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 Prince | amod |
| 30 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 ’s | obl |
| 31 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 crawled | punct |
| 32 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 crawled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | crawl | past | a misshapen toad | the swamp | suddenly property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out swamp=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | sit down | gerund | a misshapen toad not said here | opposite toad; down property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent opposite he=Location | ||||
| 3 | ask speech: ask | past | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7277/29/82/