Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indian At Home, sentence 14
Perhaps some daughter of the Dakotas was the cause of all this patient study of the art of dressing; but I cannot dream of Hiawatha ever belittling himself to take so long a time with feathers and paint.”
Who acts: daughter, I · What happens: be, not dream, belittle, take, study · To what, where: cause, Hiawatha, art
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indian At Home. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (daughter, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Perhaps | perhaps | ADV | _ | 3 daughter | advmod |
| 2 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 daughter | det |
| 3 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 cause | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Dakotas | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Dakotas | det |
| 6 | Dakotas | Dakotas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 daughter | nmod |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 cause | cop |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 cause | det |
| 9 | cause | cause | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 study | case |
| 11 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 study | det:predet |
| 12 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 14 study | det |
| 13 | patient | patient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 study | amod |
| 14 | study | study | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 cause | nmod |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 art | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 art | det |
| 17 | art | art | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 study | nmod |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 dressing | case |
| 19 | dressing | dressing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 art | nmod |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 dream | punct |
| 21 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 25 dream | cc |
| 22 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 25 dream | nsubj |
| 23 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 dream | aux |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 dream | advmod |
| 25 | dream | dream | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 cause | parataxis |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 Hiawatha | case |
| 27 | Hiawatha | Hiawatha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 dream | obl |
| 28 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 29 belittling | advmod |
| 29 | belittling | belittle | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 dream | advcl |
| 30 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 29 belittling | obj |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 take | mark |
| 32 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 belittling | xcomp |
| 33 | so | so | ADV | _ | 34 long | advmod |
| 34 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 time | amod |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 time | det |
| 36 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 take | obj |
| 37 | with | with | ADP | _ | 38 feathers | case |
| 38 | feathers | feather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 take | obl |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 paint | cc |
| 40 | paint | paint | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 feathers | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 cause | punct |
| 42 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 cause | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | some daughter of the Dakotas | the cause | of all patient study of the art of dressing | tree rules | |||
| 2 | not dream | can | I | of Hiawatha | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | belittle | gerund | I not said here | Hiawatha | ever | tree rules | |||
| 4 | take | to-infinitive | I not said here | time | with feathers and paint | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 5 | study | the art of dressing | nom study «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/13/14/