Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indian At Home, sentence 15
It seemed strange to the traveler for the Indian to take so much pains with the colors of paint and the place where he put them upon his face, but it is now known that each color has its meaning with them.
Who acts: It, traveler, color, paint · What happens: seem, take, put, know, have, mean · To what, where: much pains, pains, face, paint, meaning · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indian At Home. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (It, traveler, color, paint), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 seemed | nsubj |
| 2 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 seemed | xcomp |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 traveler | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 traveler | det |
| 6 | traveler | traveler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 seemed | obl |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 Indian | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Indian | det |
| 9 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 traveler | amod |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 take | mark |
| 11 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 Indian | csubj |
| 12 | so | so | ADV | _ | 13 much | advmod |
| 13 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 pains | amod |
| 14 | pains | pain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 take | obj |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 colors | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 colors | det |
| 17 | colors | color | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 pains | nmod |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 paint | case |
| 19 | paint | paint | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 colors | nmod |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 place | cc |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 place | det |
| 22 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 paint | conj |
| 23 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 25 put | advmod |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 put | nsubj |
| 25 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 place | acl:relcl |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 put | obj |
| 27 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 29 face | case |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 face | nmod:poss |
| 29 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 put | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 known | punct |
| 31 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 35 known | cc |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 known | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 known | aux:pass |
| 34 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 35 known | advmod |
| 35 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 seemed | conj |
| 36 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 39 has | mark |
| 37 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 38 color | det |
| 38 | color | color | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 has | nsubj |
| 39 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 known | ccomp |
| 40 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 meaning | nmod:poss |
| 41 | meaning | meaning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 has | obj |
| 42 | with | with | ADP | _ | 43 them | case |
| 43 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 meaning | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 seemed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | seem | past | It | to the traveler; strange property | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | take | to-infinitive | much pains | with the colors of paint and the place | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pain=Theme | ||||
| 3 | put | past | traveler | pains = pain | traveler's face | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme upon face=Destination | |||
| 4 | know | present · passive | paint | now | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | have | present | each color | paint's meaning | with pains = pain | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Patient | |||
| 6 | mean | paint | with pains = pain | nom meaning «communication transitive»: poss=agent with=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/13/15/