Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indian At Home, sentence 5
The traveler gives this account: “The Indian had secured at Fort Snelling, near St. Paul, a bit of broken looking-glass, and there he sat on deck, painting his face and neck.
Who acts: traveler, Indian, Fort · What happens: give, secure, snell, break, look, sit · To what, where: account, Paul, bit, glass, deck, face · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indian At Home. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (traveler, Indian, Fort), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 traveler | det |
| 2 | traveler | traveler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 gives | nsubj |
| 3 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 account | det |
| 5 | account | account | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 gives | obj |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 secured | punct |
| 7 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 secured | punct |
| 8 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Indian | det |
| 9 | Indian | Indian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 secured | nsubj |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 secured | aux |
| 11 | secured | secure | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 gives | advcl |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 13 Fort | case |
| 13 | Fort | Fort | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 secured | obl:agent |
| 14 | Snelling | snell | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 Fort | acl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 Paul | punct |
| 16 | near | near | ADP | _ | 18 Paul | case |
| 17 | St. | St. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Paul | nmod:desc |
| 18 | Paul | Paul | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 secured | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 bit | punct |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 bit | det |
| 21 | bit | bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 Paul | appos |
| 22 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 23 broken | mark |
| 23 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 bit | acl |
| 24 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 broken | advcl |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 glass | punct |
| 26 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 looking | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 sat | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 sat | cc |
| 29 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 31 sat | expl |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 sat | nsubj |
| 31 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 gives | parataxis |
| 32 | on | on | ADP | _ | 33 deck | case |
| 33 | deck | deck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 sat | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 painting | punct |
| 35 | painting | paint | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 31 sat | advcl |
| 36 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 face | nmod:poss |
| 37 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 painting | obj |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 neck | cc |
| 39 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 face | conj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 gives | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present | the traveler | this account | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | secure in a quote | past · perfect | the Indian | Paul St. | Fort obl:agent | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | |||
| 3 | snell in a quote | gerund | Fort not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | break in a quote | participle | a bit not said here | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | look in a quote | gerund | glass | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme glass=Attribute | |||||
| 6 | sit in a quote | past | traveler | deck; there | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on deck=Location | ||||
| 7 | paint in a quote | gerund | traveler not said here | traveler's face and neck | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent face=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/13/5/