Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indian Names For the Months or Moons, sentence 47
While at Lake Superior, some time ago, we saw Chippewa Indians in their birch-bark canoes, anchored in what seemed to be a very reedy bay.
Who acts: Lake · What happens: see, anchor, seem, be · To what, where: Chippewa Indians, bark canoes, reedy bay
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indian Names For the Months or Moons. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lake), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | While | while | SCONJ | _ | 3 Lake | mark |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 3 Lake | case |
| 3 | Lake | Lake | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 saw | nsubj |
| 4 | Superior | Superior | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Lake | flat |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 time | punct |
| 6 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 7 time | det |
| 7 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 Lake | appos |
| 8 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 7 time | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 Lake | punct |
| 10 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 saw | nsubj |
| 11 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | Chippewa | Chippewa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Indians | compound |
| 13 | Indians | Indian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 11 saw | obj |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 canoes | case |
| 15 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 canoes | nmod:poss |
| 16 | birch | birch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 bark | compound |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 birch | punct |
| 18 | bark | bark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 canoes | compound |
| 19 | canoes | canoe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 saw | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 anchored | punct |
| 21 | anchored | anchor | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 canoes | acl |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 what | case |
| 23 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 anchored | obl |
| 24 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 what | acl:relcl |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 bay | mark |
| 26 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 30 bay | cop |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 bay | det |
| 28 | very | very | ADV | _ | 29 reedy | advmod |
| 29 | reedy | reedy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 bay | amod |
| 30 | bay | bay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 seemed | xcomp |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Lake | Chippewa Indians | Indians's bark canoes | we nsubj | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer indian=Stimulus | ||
| 2 | anchor | participle | Indians's bark canoes not said here | Indians's bark canoes | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | seem | past | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | is a | to-infinitive | a reedy bay | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/15/47/