Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses, sentence 18

Cliff-dwellings have been found that are entirely deserted, built by a very ancient people of whom we know little.

Who acts: we · What happens: find, desert, build, know · To what, where: Cliff dwellings, that, little · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cliff	cliff	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 dwellings	compound
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Cliff	punct
3	dwellings	dwelling	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 found	nsubj:pass
4	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 found	aux
5	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 found	aux:pass
6	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 deserted	nsubj:pass
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 deserted	aux:pass
9	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	10 deserted	advmod
10	deserted	desert	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 found	ccomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 built	punct
12	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 deserted	conj
13	by	by	ADP	_	17 people	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 people	det
15	very	very	ADV	_	16 ancient	advmod
16	ancient	ancient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 people	amod
17	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 built	obl:agent
18	of	of	ADP	_	19 whom	case
19	whom	whom	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 people	nmod
20	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	21 know	nsubj
21	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 whom	acl:relcl
22	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 know	obj
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 found	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	find	present · perfect · passive		Cliff dwellings		vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute clause=Theme
2	desert	present · passive		that	entirely property	vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location»: subject=Source
3	build	participle			a ancient people obl:agent	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
4	know	present	we	little		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer little=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/17/18/

🌲 Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses, sentence 18

The tree

Pragmatics

Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses, sentence 18