Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses, sentence 20
Some have thought the Zuñis are the descendants of this lost race; others think them to be like the mound-builders.
Who acts: Zuñis, others · What happens: think, be, lose · To what, where: Some, descendants · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zuñis, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 thought | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 thought | aux |
| 3 | thought | think | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Zuñis | det |
| 5 | Zuñis | Zuñi | PROPN | Number=Plur | 8 descendants | nsubj |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 descendants | cop |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 descendants | det |
| 8 | descendants | descendant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 thought | ccomp |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 race | case |
| 10 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 race | det |
| 11 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 race | amod |
| 12 | race | race | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 descendants | nmod |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 think | punct |
| 14 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 think | nsubj |
| 15 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 thought | conj |
| 16 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 think | obj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 be | mark |
| 18 | be | be | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 think | ccomp |
| 19 | like | like | ADP | _ | 23 builders | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 builders | det |
| 21 | mound | mound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 builders | compound |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 mound | punct |
| 23 | builders | builder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 be | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 thought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | present · perfect · passive | Some | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | the Zuñis | the descendants | of this lost race | tree rules | |||
| 3 | lose | participle | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | think speech: other | present | others | descendants = descendant | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent they=Attribute clause=Theme | ||||
| 5 | be | to-infinitive | like the mound builders | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/17/20/