Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Moki Indians, sentence 15
In it is a sacred flat altar, usually surrounded by prayer-sticks called bahos.
Who acts: estufa, prayer sticks · What happens: be, surround, call · To what, where: sacred flat altar, bahos · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Moki Indians. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (estufa, prayer sticks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 7 altar | case |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 altar | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 altar | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 altar | det |
| 5 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 altar | amod |
| 6 | flat | flat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 altar | amod |
| 7 | altar | altar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 surrounded | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 altar | punct |
| 9 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 10 surrounded | advmod |
| 10 | surrounded | surround | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 sticks | case |
| 12 | prayer | prayer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 sticks | compound |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 prayer | punct |
| 14 | sticks | stick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 surrounded | obl |
| 15 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 sticks | acl |
| 16 | bahos | baho | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 called | xcomp |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 surrounded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | estufa | a sacred flat altar | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | surround | participle | by prayer sticks; usually property | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | call | participle | prayer sticks not said here | bahos | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/18/15/