Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, I. Iagoo, the Great Story-teller, sentence 125
The shot fell through the loons and killed a muskalonge; this is the great fish that lives in the lakes.
Who acts: shot, this, great fish · What happens: fall, kill, be, live · To what, where: loons, muskalonge, great fish, lakes
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, I. Iagoo, the Great Story-teller. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shot, this, great fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 shot | det |
| 2 | shot | shot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fell | nsubj |
| 3 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | through | through | ADP | _ | 6 loons | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 loons | det |
| 6 | loons | loon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 fell | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 killed | cc |
| 8 | killed | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 fell | conj |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 muskalonge | det |
| 10 | muskalonge | muskalonge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 killed | obj |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 fish | punct |
| 12 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 16 fish | nsubj |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 fish | cop |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 fish | det |
| 15 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 fish | amod |
| 16 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fell | obl |
| 17 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 lives | nsubj |
| 18 | lives | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 fish | acl:relcl |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 lakes | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 lakes | det |
| 21 | lakes | lake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 lives | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 fell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | past | the shot | the loons | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through loon=Location | ||||
| 2 | kill | past | the shot not said here | a muskalonge | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent muskalonge=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | this | the great fish | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | live | present | the great fish | the lakes | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in lake=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/26/125/