Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, I. Iagoo, the Great Story-teller, sentence 137
“The first elk had horns like a great tree.
Who acts: first elk · What happens: have · To what, where: horns
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, I. Iagoo, the Great Story-teller. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first elk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 had | punct |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 elk | det |
| 3 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 elk | amod |
| 4 | elk | elk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 had | nsubj |
| 5 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | horns | horn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 had | obj |
| 7 | like | like | ADP | _ | 10 tree | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 tree | det |
| 9 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 tree | amod |
| 10 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 horns | nmod |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have in a quote | past | the first elk | horns | like a great tree | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horn=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/26/137/