Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, I. Iagoo, the Great Story-teller, sentence 99
He had stepped on a thick lily leaf.
What happens: step · To what, where: water, thick lily leaf
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, I. Iagoo, the Great Story-teller. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 stepped | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 stepped | aux |
| 3 | stepped | step | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 leaf | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 leaf | det |
| 6 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 leaf | amod |
| 7 | lily | lily | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 leaf | compound |
| 8 | leaf | leaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stepped | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stepped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | step | past · perfect · passive | water | a thick lily leaf | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/26/99/