Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XI. the Hunter Who Could Fly, sentence 9
The geese began to scream, and the flock rose from the water.
Who acts: geese, flock · What happens: begin, scream, rise · To what, where: water
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XI. the Hunter Who Could Fly. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (geese, flock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 geese | det |
| 2 | geese | goose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 began | nsubj |
| 3 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 scream | mark |
| 5 | scream | scream | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 began | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 rose | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 rose | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 flock | det |
| 9 | flock | flock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 rose | nsubj |
| 10 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 began | conj |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 water | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 water | det |
| 13 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 rose | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | the geese | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | scream speech: express | to-infinitive | the geese not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | rise | past | the flock | the water | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from water=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/36/9/