Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XIV. the Little Wolf Brother, sentence 3
Before the winter was over only the children were left, for the old warrior and his squaw had gone to the Happy Hunting Grounds.
Who acts: winter, squaw · What happens: be, leave, go · To what, where: children, Happy Hunting Grounds
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIV. the Little Wolf Brother. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (winter, squaw), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Before | before | SCONJ | _ | 5 over | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 winter | det |
| 3 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 over | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 over | cop |
| 5 | over | over | ADV | _ | 10 left | advcl |
| 6 | only | only | ADV | _ | 8 children | advmod |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 children | det |
| 8 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 left | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 left | aux:pass |
| 10 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 left | punct |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 warrior | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 warrior | det |
| 14 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 warrior | amod |
| 15 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 left | obl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 gone | cc |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 squaw | nmod:poss |
| 18 | squaw | squaw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 gone | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 gone | aux |
| 20 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 warrior | conj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 Grounds | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Grounds | det |
| 23 | Happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 Grounds | amod |
| 24 | Hunting | hunting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 Grounds | compound |
| 25 | Grounds | grounds | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 20 gone | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 left | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the winter | over property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | leave | past · passive | the children | for the old warrior | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme for warrior=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | go | past · perfect | his squaw | the Happy Hunting Grounds | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to grounds=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/39/3/