Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XIV. the Little Wolf Brother, sentence 34
He called to them in the wolf language and asked if they had seen his sister or his little pet wolf.
Who acts: brother, robe · What happens: call, ask, see · To what, where: robe, wolf language, sister · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIV. the Little Wolf Brother. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother, robe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 called | nsubj |
| 2 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 them | case |
| 4 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 called | obl |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 language | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 language | det |
| 7 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 language | compound |
| 8 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 called | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 asked | cc |
| 10 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 called | conj |
| 11 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 14 seen | mark |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 seen | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 seen | aux |
| 14 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 asked | ccomp |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 sister | nmod:poss |
| 16 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 seen | obj |
| 17 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 21 wolf | cc |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 wolf | nmod:poss |
| 19 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 wolf | amod |
| 20 | pet | pet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 wolf | compound |
| 21 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sister | conj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 called | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past | brother | robe | the wolf language | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to they=Recipient | |||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | brother not said here | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | see a condition, not said to happen | past · perfect | robe | brother's sister or brother's little pet wolf | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sister=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/39/34/