Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XVII. How the Indians Came to Know Medicine Plants, sentence 9
He looked so sick that the families who had the Wolf, the Turtle, and the Heron totems all refused him a chance to enter their wigwams.
Who acts: man, families, Heron totems · What happens: look, have, refuse, enter · To what, where: Wolf, man, wigwams
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XVII. How the Indians Came to Know Medicine Plants. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, families, Heron totems), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 looked | nsubj |
| 2 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | so | so | ADV | _ | 4 sick | advmod |
| 4 | sick | sick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 looked | xcomp |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 had | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 families | det |
| 7 | families | family | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 had | nsubj |
| 8 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 had | nsubj |
| 9 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 sick | advcl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Wolf | det |
| 11 | Wolf | Wolf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 had | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 Turtle | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Turtle | det |
| 14 | Turtle | Turtle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Wolf | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 refused | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 refused | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 totems | det |
| 18 | Heron | Heron | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 totems | compound |
| 19 | totems | totem | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 refused | nsubj |
| 20 | all | all | ADV | _ | 21 refused | advmod |
| 21 | refused | refuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 looked | conj |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 refused | obj |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 chance | det |
| 24 | chance | chance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 refused | obj |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 enter | mark |
| 26 | enter | enter | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 chance | acl |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 wigwams | nmod:poss |
| 28 | wigwams | wigwam | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 enter | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | past | man | sick property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | have | past | the families | the Wolf and the Turtle | who nsubj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Patient | |||
| 3 | refuse | past | the Heron totems | man | a chance obj; all property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | enter | to-infinitive | the Heron totems not said here | Wolf's wigwams | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wigwam=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/42/9/