Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, A Legend of Minnehaha Falls, sentence 25
The canoe leaped over the falls, and Ampata and her two children passed to the Happy Hunting Ground of the other world.
Who acts: canoe · What happens: leap, pass · To what, where: canoe, falls, Ampata, Happy Hunting Ground
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, A Legend of Minnehaha Falls. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (canoe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 canoe | det |
| 2 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | leaped | leap | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 canoe | acl |
| 4 | over | over | ADP | _ | 6 falls | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 falls | det |
| 6 | falls | fall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 leaped | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 passed | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 passed | cc |
| 9 | Ampata | Ampata | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 passed | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 children | cc |
| 11 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 children | nmod:poss |
| 12 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 children | nummod |
| 13 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 Ampata | conj |
| 14 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 canoe | acl |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 Ground | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Ground | det |
| 17 | Happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 Ground | amod |
| 18 | Hunting | Hunting | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Ground | compound |
| 19 | Ground | Ground | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 passed | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 world | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 world | det |
| 22 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 world | amod |
| 23 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 Ground | nmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 canoe | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leap | participle | the canoe not said here | the falls | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over fall=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | pass | participle · passive | the canoe not said here | Ampata and wife's two children | the Happy Hunting Ground of the other world | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to ground=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/46/25/