Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXVII. the Star That Never Moves, sentence 6
Keneu had run into the wild forest, which he had never crossed before.
Who acts: Keneu · What happens: run, not cross · To what, where: wild forest
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVII. the Star That Never Moves. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Keneu), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Keneu | Keneu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 run | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 run | aux |
| 3 | run | run | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 forest | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 forest | det |
| 6 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 forest | amod |
| 7 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 run | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 crossed | punct |
| 9 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 crossed | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 crossed | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 crossed | aux |
| 12 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 13 crossed | advmod |
| 13 | crossed | cross | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 forest | acl:relcl |
| 14 | before | before | ADV | _ | 13 crossed | advmod |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 run | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | past · perfect | Keneu | into the wild forest result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into forest=Result | ||||
| 2 | not cross | past · perfect · passive | the wild forest | Keneu nsubj; before property | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/52/6/