Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXVIII. Trapping in the Happy Hunting Grounds, sentence 21

He had made little wigwams on the big branches when he came down, and they slept in these when the dark came.

Who acts: Tchakobeech, branches, dark · What happens: make, come down, sleep, come · To what, where: little wigwams, big branches, these

This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXVIII. Trapping in the Happy Hunting Grounds. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tchakobeech, branches, dark), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 made	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 wigwams	amod
5	wigwams	wigwam	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 made	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 branches	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 branches	det
8	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 branches	amod
9	branches	branch	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 made	obl
10	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	12 came	advmod
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 came	nsubj
12	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 made	advcl
13	down	down	ADV	_	12 came	advmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 slept	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 slept	cc
16	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 slept	nsubj
17	slept	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 made	parataxis
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 these	case
19	these	this	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	17 slept	obl
20	when	when	SCONJ	_	23 came	mark
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 dark	det
22	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 came	nsubj
23	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 slept	advcl
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 made	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	make	past · perfect	Tchakobeech	little wigwams	the big branches		vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wigwam=Product
2	come down	past	Tchakobeech			down property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	sleep	past	branches = branch		these		vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in this=Location
4	come	past	the dark				vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/53/21/

🌲 Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXVIII. Trapping in the Happy Hunting Grounds, sentence 21

The tree

Pragmatics

Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXVIII. Trapping in the Happy Hunting Grounds, sentence 21